Hi:
To answer your question you need to know what pi is : It is the ratio of a circle's circumference to it's diameter. it a constant number that never changes no matter how big or small the diameter of the circle you make. Start by cut some paper circles of varying diameters say 1 inch , 2 inch and 3 inch take a ruler and mark a spot on the edge of the paper circle and position that spot on the zero mark on the ruler. Then carefully roll the paper circle along the ruler and see where you end up as that point return to the bottom of the circle . This is the circumference now divide that number by the circle diameter, you should get a close value for pi. of about 3.1 or 3.2
Now to answer the second part of your question.
Back about three thousand years ago the ancient Egyptians estimated Pi to be about 3 units (you have to remember that their Mathematics were quite primitive and they had no algebra to help them at this time). Later the ancient Greeks developed and used the area of triangles filling a circle method to estimate pi to be between 22/7 and 3 10/71
{pi= sin ( (360/N)/2)*N
pi = tan(360/N)/2)*N { N= the number of triangles try the numbers between 100,000 to 1*10^50) for good results}
This is the modern day formula for the filling the circle method used by the Greek }
around 240 B.C. However this was good enough for building things and such, but is was not good enough for mathematicans however. So a quest was started to find the true value for pi and various mehods were used to get a better and better estimate for the value of pi. In about the 15th and 16 th centry A.D. Various discovery where made about Pi:
1) Pi is irrational { Meaning it does not repeat itself ever ; like 1/3} and it's transcendental { Meaning that powers of and combination of powers of pi will not give finite whole numbers } So all formulae for computing pi will be infinitely long.
2) with the devolpment of Algbera and Calculus, certain series were found to give the approximate value of pi
Pi= sqr ( 6*(1 + 1/(2^2)+ 1/(3^2)+ 1/ (4^2) + 1/(5^2).....) { sqr means Square root}
or
Pi = 4*( 1- (1/3)+(1/5)-(1/7)+(1/9)- (1/11)......)
Those series take a long time to come to the value of Pi that we know Pi to be today. Which bring us to our era, when electronic computers where built, and as soon as they became avialable. Mathematican were able to confirm those series to be the appoximate value of Pi , which are still in use today. it has been calulated the about 15 billion decimal places and is so well known that it is use to gauged the speed and power of all supercomputers and computers that made today and in the future to come. and it being surpassed in the number of decimal places to be counted in. and it pop up in some interesting places.
Here Pi to a few hundred decimal places I got off the Internet:
3.
1415926535 8979323846 2643383279 5028841971 6939937510
5820974944 5923078164 0628620899 8628034825 3421170679
8214808651 3282306647 0938446095 5058223172 5359408128
4811174502 8410270193 8521105559 6446229489 5493038196
4428810975 6659334461 2847564823 3786783165 2712019091
4564856692 3460348610 4543266482 1339360726 0249141273
7245870066 0631558817 4881520920 9628292540 9171536436
7892590360 0113305305 4882046652 1384146951 9415116094
3305727036 5759591953 0921861173 8193261179 3105118548
0744623799 6274956735 1885752724 8912279381 8301194912
9833673362 4406566430 8602139494 6395224737 1907021798
6094370277 0539217176 2931767523 8467481846 7669405132
0005681271 4526356082 7785771342 7577896091 7363717872
1468440901 2249534301 4654958537 1050792279 6892589235
4201995611 2129021960 8640344181 5981362977 4771309960
5187072113 4999999837 2978049951 0597317328 1609631859
5024459455 3469083026 4252230825 3344685035 2619311881
7101000313 7838752886 5875332083 8142061717 7669147303
5982534904 2875546873 1159562863 8823537875 9375195778
1857780532 1712268066 1300192787 6611195909 2164201989
3809525720 1065485863 2788659361 5338182796 8230301952
0353018529 6899577362 2599413891 2497217752 8347913151
5574857242 4541506959 5082953311 6861727855 8890750983
8175463746 4939319255 0604009277 0167113900 9848824012
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1613611573 5255213347 5741849468 4385233239 0739414333
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0674427862 2039194945 0471237137 8696095636 4371917287
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5428584447 9526586782 1051141354 7357395231 1342716610
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8191197939 9520614196 6342875444 0643745123 7181921799
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1005508106 6587969981 6357473638 4052571459 1028970641
4011097120 6280439039 7595156771 5770042033 7869936007
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7321579198 4148488291 6447060957 5270695722 0917567116
7229109816 9091528017 3506712748 5832228718 3520935396
5725121083 5791513698 8209144421 0067510334 6711031412
6711136990 8658516398 3150197016 5151168517 1437657618
3515565088 4909989859 9823873455 2833163550 7647918535
8932261854 8963213293 3089857064 2046752590 7091548141
6549859461 6371802709 8199430992 4488957571 2828905923
2332609729 9712084433 5732654893 8239119325 9746366730
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1809377344 4030707469 2112019130 2033038019 7621101100
4492932151 6084244485 9637669838 9522868478 3123552658
2131449576 8572624334 4189303968 6426243410 7732269780
2807318915 4411010446 8232527162 0105265227 2111660396
6655730925 4711055785 3763466820 6531098965 2691862056
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3348850346 1136576867 5324944166 8039626579 7877185560
8455296541 2665408530 6143444318 5867697514 5661406800
7002378776 5913440171 2749470420 5622305389 9456131407
1127000407 8547332699 3908145466 4645880797 2708266830
6343285878 5698305235 8089330657 5740679545 7163775254
2021149557 6158140025 0126228594 1302164715 5097925923
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2996148903 0463994713 2962107340 4375189573 5961458901
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1960121228 5993716231 3017114448 4640903890 6449544400
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2827892125 0771262946 3229563989 8989358211 6745627010
2183564622 0134967151 8819097303 8119800497 3407239610
3685406643 1939509790 1906996395 5245300545 0580685501
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3634655379 4986419270 5638729317 4872332083 7601123029
9113679386 2708943879 9362016295 1541337142 4892830722
0126901475 4668476535 7616477379 4675200490 7571555278
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2772190055 6148425551 8792530343 5139844253 2234157623
3610642506 3904975008 6562710953 5919465897 5141310348
2276930624 7435363256 9160781547 8181152843 6679570611
0861533150 4452127473 9245449454 2368288606 1340841486
3776700961 2071512491 4043027253 8607648236 3414334623
5189757664 5216413767 9690314950 1910857598 4423919862
9164219399 4907236234 6468441173 9403265918 4044378051
3338945257 4239950829 6591228508 5558215725 0310712570
1266830240 2929525220 1187267675 6220415420 5161841634
8475651699 9811614101 0029960783 8690929160 3028840026
9104140792 8862150784 2451670908 7000699282 1206604183
7180653556 7252532567 5328612910 4248776182 5829765157
9598470356 2226293486 0034158722 9805349896 5022629174
8788202734 2092222453 3985626476 6914905562 8425039127
5771028402 7998066365 8254889264 8802545661 0172967026
6407655904 2909945681 5065265305 3718294127 0336931378
5178609040 7086671149 6558343434 7693385781 7113864558
7367812301 4587687126 6034891390 9562009939 3610310291
6161528813 8437909904 2317473363 9480457593 1493140529
7634757481 1935670911 0137751721 0080315590 2485309066
9203767192 2033229094 3346768514 2214477379 3937517034
4366199104 0337511173 5471918550 4644902636 5512816228
8244625759 1633303910 7225383742 1821408835 0865739177
1509682887 4782656995 9957449066 1758344137 5223970968
3408005355 9849175417 3818839994 4697486762 6551658276
5848358845 3142775687 9002909517 0283529716 3445621296
4043523117 6006651012 4120065975 5851276178 5838292041
9748442360 8007193045 7618932349 2292796501 9875187212
7267507981 2554709589 0455635792 1221033346 6974992356
3025494780 2490114195 2123828153 0911407907 3860251522
7429958180 7247162591 6685451333 1239480494 7079119153
2673430282 4418604142 6363954800 0448002670 4962482017
9289647669 7583183271 3142517029 6923488962 7668440323
2609275249 6035799646 9256504936 8183609003 2380929345
9588970695 3653494060 3402166544 3755890045 6328822505
4525564056 4482465151 8754711962 1844396582 5337543885
6909411303 1509526179 3780029741 2076651479 3942590298
9695946995 5657612186 5619673378 6236256125 2163208628
6922210327 4889218654 3648022967 8070576561 5144632046
9279068212 0738837781 4233562823 6089632080 6822246801
2248261177 1858963814 0918390367 3672220888 3215137556
0037279839 4004152970 0287830766 7094447456 0134556417
2543709069 7939612257 1429894671 5435784687 8861444581
2314593571 9849225284 7160504922 1242470141 2147805734
5510500801 9086996033 0276347870 8108175450 1193071412
2339086639 3833952942 5786905076 4310063835 1983438934
1596131854 3475464955 6978103829 3097164651 4384070070
7360411237 3599843452 2516105070 2705623526 6012764848
3084076118 3013052793 2054274628 6540360367 4532865105
7065874882 2569815793 6789766974 2205750596 8344086973
5020141020 6723585020 0724522563 2651341055 9240190274
2162484391 4035998953 5394590944 0704691209 1409387001
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4610126483 6999892256 9596881592 0560010165 5256375678
5667227966 1988578279 4848855834 3975187445 4551296563
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0234529244 0773659495 6305100742 1087142613 4974595615
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3354400515 2126693249 3419673977 0415956837 5355516673
0273900749 7297363549 6453328886 9844061196 4961627734
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2254756478 9406475483 4664776041 1463233905 6513433068
4495397907 0903023460 4614709616 9688688501 4083470405
4607429586 9913829668 2468185710 3188790652 8703665083
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0630792615 9599546262 4629707062 5948455690 3471197299
6409089418 0595343932 5123623550 8134949004 3642785271
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0298865925 7866285612 4966552353 3829428785 4253404830
8330701653 7228563559 1525347844 5981831341 1290019992
0598135220 5117336585 6407826484 9427644113 7639386692
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3343657791 6012809317 9401718598 5999338492 3549564005
7099558561 1349802524 9906698423 3017350358 0440811685
5265311709 9570899427 3287092584 8789443646 0050410892
2669178352 5870785951 2983441729 5351953788 5534573742
6085902908 1765155780 3905946408 7350612322 6112009373
1080485485 2635722825 7682034160 5048466277 5045003126
2008007998 0492548534 6941469775 1649327095 0493463938
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2858829024 3670904887 1181909094 9453314421 8287661810
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2342548326 1119128009 2825256190 2052630163 9114772473
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7386480584 7268954624 3882343751 7885201439 5600571048
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2611341461 1068026744 6637334375 3407642940 2668297386
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2107119457 3002438801 7661503527 0862602537 8817975194
7806101371 5004489917 2100222013 3501310601 6391541589
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1000162076 9363684677 6413017819 6593799715 5746854194
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6778113949 8616478747 1407932638 5873862473 2889645643
5987746676 3847946650 4074111825 6583788784 5485814896
2961273998 4134427260 8606187245 5452360643 1537101127
4680977870 4464094758 2803487697 5894832824 1239292960
5829486191 9667091895 8089833201 2103184303 4012849511
6203534280 1441276172 8583024355 9830032042 0245120728
7253558119 5840149180 9692533950 7577840006 7465526031
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0425845988 4199076112 8725805911 3935689601 4316682831
7632356732 5417073420 8173322304 6298799280 4908514094
7903688786 8789493054 6955703072 6190095020 7643349335
9106024545 0864536289 3545686295 8531315337 1838682656
1786227363 7169757741 8302398600 6591481616 4049449650
1173213138 9574706208 8474802365 3710311508 9842799275
4426853277 9743113951 4357417221 9759799359 6852522857
4526379628 9612691572 3579866205 7340837576 6873884266
4059909935 0500081337 5432454635 9675048442 3528487470
1443545419 5762584735 6421619813 4073468541 1176688311
8654489377 6979566517 2796623267 1481033864 3913751865
9467300244 3450054499 5399742372 3287124948 3470604406
3471606325 8306498297 9551010954 1836235030 3094530973
3583446283 9476304775 6450150085 0757894954 8931393944
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Check the Sources
Source(s):
http://mathworld.wolfram.com/piformulas....
http://mathforum.org/library/drmath/view...
3.1415926535897932384626433832...
www.joyofpi.com/pifacts.html
http://www.cacr.caltech.edu/~roy/upi/pi....
http://www.yahoo.com/science/mathematics...
http://oldweb.cecm.sfu.ca/personal/jborw...
http://www.cs.uwaterloo.ca/~alopez-o/mat...
http://www.eveandersson.com/pi/...
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http://newton.ex.ac.uk/research/qsystems...
http://www.maa.org/mathland/mathland_3_1...
www.math.hmc.edu/funfacts/ffil...
www.angio.net/pi/piquery
pi.nersc.gov
PBS.org - Nova Website - Look for the show entitled "Infinite Secrets"- Explain how Archimedes appoximated the value of pi along with a formula for the pi value
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Mathographic by Robert Dixion pubished by Dover publications
Handbook of Mathematical tables and Formulas by Richard Steven Burington published by the Mcgraw Hill Book Co.
a History of Pi ( a good book on the subject of Pi) by Peter Beckmann
The Joy of Pi ( other good book on Pi)
PI: A Biography of the world most Mystrious Number by Alfered S Postamentier, Ingmar Lehmann, Herbert A Hauptman ( afterword) ( other good book on the subject)
Project Mathemetics - by Cal Tech - Vhs tapes series - seen the Nasa Tv education entitled "The Story of PI" and is available from Cal Tec or NASA website
Check out the Internet websites for Pi. By typing Pi in one of the search engines and see what website pop up.
WHAT A ANSWER HUH