The best way for a beginner to understand domain and range is first to graph the function then study it.
as u get good with it u will find the light.
so, for domains of a function:
eg) f(x)=1/x, we know that x cant be 0 because any number divide 0 is undefined. so in this case, domain:
(-infinity, 0) (0,+infinity) this kind of way to represent the domain is called the "interval notation form" and it's a must know, for the other way to write domain: x =/ 0, lol it means that x do not equals to zero.
so in general, we know that the domain of a equation can't be zero, thus we set the denominator to zero:
eg) f(x) = 1/(2+x), in this case we know the 2 + x cant be zero, so: we set it to equals to zero: 2+x = 0 and then solve for x
x=-2, which means that when x = -2 then function is undefined, therfor the domain of the function is x=/ -2.
the above is the simple domain for fractional(forgot the name of this kind of function, lol).
for function like: y=2x then the domain is just x can be any number.
so from the above u can see that the domain of a function is all the numbers except the numbers which make the function undefined. if you are still undure about this, try to plug in numbers and see if the function make any sense. and you must remanber the rule of the function: for every value of x there is only one value of y. you will understant these things better later on, when u learn the vertical, horizontal and slant asymptote. one piece of advise: find a good graphing calculator(online or buy one urself) graph the function and study it untill u get it,, or else ur gonna suffer in adv. functions
hope this hlp